ABSTRACT
O objetivo foi conhecer a influência da escola na vida e nos cuidados com a saúde de crianças e adolescentes com fissura labiopalatal atendidas em um centro de referência do Sul do Brasil. A pesquisa foi do tipo exploratório-descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 15 mães de crianças e adolescentes com fissura labiopalatal participantes de um programa de acompanhamento da saúde bucal. A análise dos dados foi fundamentada na técnica de análise temática, pertencente à análise de conteúdo, originando duas categorias temáticas centrais: enfrentando e superando o preconceito relacionado à má formação; e a escola influenciando a saúde bucal da criança e adolescente e o seu desenvolvimento. A escola traz à criança e adolescente com fissura labiopalatal possibilidades de cuidados e inclusão social, mas também pode trazer conflitos pelo preconceito gerado pela sua aparência física. O apoio da comunidade escolar é essencial para que possam ter um desenvolvimento adequado com qualidade de vida.
The aim of this study was to understand the influence of school in the life and care of the health of children with cleft lips and palates, treated at a reference center in southern Brazil. This qualitative descriptive-exploratory study was performed using semi-structured interviews, conducted with 15 mothers of children and teenagers with cleft lips and palates of an oral health surveillance program. The data analysis was based on the thematic analysis, which highlights two central themes: facing and overcoming the stigma associated with the physical appearance, and the school as an influence on the oral health of children and teenagers and their development. The school provides children and teenagers with cleft lips and palates with opportunities of social integration, but it also contributes to conflicts generated by the prejudice against their physical appearance. The support of the school community is essential for proper development of quality of life.
El objetivo fue estudiar la influencia de la escuela en la vida e en el cuidado de de niños y adolescentes con fisura labiopalatina atendidos en un centro de referencia en el sur de Brasil. Investigación cualitativa de tipo descriptivo-exploratorio que realizó entrevistas semiestructuradas con 15 madres de niños y adolescentes con fisura labiopalatina de un programa de vigilancia de la salud bucal. El análisis de los datos se fundamentó en el análisis temático, destacando dos temas centrales: Enfrentando y superando los prejuicios relacionados con la malformación, y La escuela como influencia en la salud bucal de los niños y su desarrollo. La escuela trae a los niños y adolescentes con fisura labiopalatina posibilidades de cuidados e inserción social, pero también trae conflictos generados por los prejuicios de su apariencia física. El apoyo de la comunidad escolar es esencial para el desarrollo adecuado con calidad de vida.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , School Health Services , Oral Health , Cleft Lip , Cleft PalateABSTRACT
Introduction: Cleft lip and palate anomalies are malformations that affect patients causing some alterations. These alterations can compromise maternal nursing and lead to early introduction of bottle feeding and sugar in the diet of cleft lip and palate infants, compromising their oral health and the surgical/rehabilitation process. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nursing habits and the use of baby bottles in a group of cleft lip and palate infants. Material and methods: Two hundred and twenty nine mothers of cleft lip and palate infants in the age range from 6 to 36 months enrolled in the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies - USP/Bauru were interviewed. It was obtained data on family socioeconomic characteristics as well as mother educational level using the patients file. Using a pre-structured questionnaire accomplished always by the same interviewer, information on natural and artificial nursing pattern was obtained.Results: Only 21.4% of the mothers accomplished breastfed their babies. 98.25% of mothers used bottle feeding with milk and other sucrose liquids at one to ten times frequency. Nocturnal nursing habit was verified in 59.38% of total sample.Conclusion: Cleft lip and palate infants presented inadequate nursing habits in relation to both the content and the frequency ingestion, suggesting the need of a multidisciplinary guidance and following-up of infants during this age range.
ABSTRACT
O presente trabalho vislumbra um breve histórico dos planos de saúde no Brasil, examinando as interfaces entre o público e o privado. Realiza, ainda, uma análise da evolução e regulamentação da saúde suplementar, definindo as modalidades assistenciais de saúde, bem como enuncia as principais diferenças entre os planos e assistência médico-hospitalar e odontológico. Demonstra, em dados atuais, a cobertura exercida pelos planos de saúde suplementar e sua relação com a assistência pública de saúde. Por outro lado, enfoca a assistência, planos de saúde e o mercado de trabalho da odontologia, correlacionando, também com dados atuais, os desafios e as novas oportunidades do mercado de saúde suplementar, enfocado principalmente no setor odontológico. Ainda que o setor odontológico esteja em um momento extraordinário dentro do sistema privado de atenção à saúde, e que dados da ANS apontem para um crescimento desse setor de 210 por cento nos últimos sete anos, a cobertura de serviços do setor suplementar de saúde está aquém das reais demandas, não contemplando, portanto, a assistência integral à saúde.
The present work presents a brief history of health plans in Brazil examining the interface between the public and the private sector. The evolution and regulation of the supplementary care system is analyzed, the different care modalities are defined and the main differences between health plans and dental care insurance are pointed out. The coverage provided by the supplementary care system and its relationship with the public health system is shown on the basis of current data. On the other hand, the study focuses on the care services, health plans and the labor market in the sector correlating, also on the basis of current data, the challenges and new opportunities of the supplementary care market, mainly in the dental sector. Although the dental sector is living an extraordinary moment within the private health care system and given that ANS data are pointing to a growth of this sector of 210 percent over last the 7 years, the service coverage of the supplementary care sector mainly directed to medical and inpatient care does not meet the real demand for integrated health care.